How it works
This is the US Navy circumference method: it estimates body fat from a few tape measurements instead of a scan. Men need neck and waist; women need neck, waist and hips. Height is used in both.
- Measure your neck below the larynx, your waist at the navel, and (for women) the hips at the widest point. Keep the tape level and do not pull it tight.
- The formula takes the logarithm of those circumferences — waist minus neck for men, waist plus hip minus neck for women — against height.
- The result is body fat as a percentage of total weight.
| Category | Men | Women |
|---|---|---|
| Essential fat | 2–5% | 10–13% |
| Athletes | 6–13% | 14–20% |
| Fitness | 14–17% | 21–24% |
| Average | 18–24% | 25–31% |
| Obese | 25%+ | 32%+ |
Expect ±3 percentage points against a DEXA scan. Measuring the same way each time matters more than the absolute number — the trend is what tells you whether a plan is working.
Examples
Worked example:
- Man, 180 cm, neck 38 cm, waist 90 cm: the formula returns about 19.8% body fat — the "average" band, and roughly 17 kg of fat for an 85 kg body.
- Trim the waist to 85 cm at the same height and neck and it falls to about 16.1%.
For the army's version of the same idea, with the tables used at weigh-ins, see the army body fat calculator.
These formulas are population averages published in peer-reviewed research. They cannot see your muscle mass, frame or medical history, so treat the result as a starting point and talk to a doctor or dietitian before making big changes.
Body Fat Calculator: frequently asked questions
- How accurate is the Navy body fat method?
- Usually within 3–4 percentage points of lab methods like DEXA, provided measurements are taken carefully.
- Where do I measure my waist and neck?
- Neck just below the larynx; waist at the navel for men and at the narrowest point for women; hips at the widest point.
- What is a healthy body fat percentage?
- ACE ranges: men — athletes 6–13%, fitness 14–17%, average 18–24%; women — athletes 14–20%, fitness 21–24%, average 25–31%.
